ABSTRACT

Background: Swarna Makshika (Copper Pyrite) is one of the widely used mineral in Ayurvedic Pharmaceutics. The Bhasma prepared from Swarna Makshika has been used in many disorders by various Acharyas since ancient times. The aim of present study was to prepare Swarna Makshika Bhasma (SMB) by using two different methods of Shodhana and compare these two varieties of Bhasma using analytical parameters. Objectives: 1. To Prepare Swarna Makshika Bhasma by using two different methods for Shodhana as mentioned in Rasaratnasamucchaya. 2. Physicochemical and instrumental analysis of both samples of Swarna Makshika Bhasma. Methodology: One sample of powdered raw Swarna Makshika was roasted in iron pan using Erand Taila (Castor oil) to prepare Shodhita Swarna Makshika (SSM1) and another sample was treated with Matulunga Swarasa (Citrus Medica Juice) to prepare Shodhita Swarna Makshika (SSM2). Both the samples SSM1 and SSM2 were subjected to same Marana procedure i.e. Marana with Gandhaka (Sulphur) using Varaha Puta to prepare Swarna Makshika Bhasma 1 (SMB1) and 2 (SMB2) respectively. The temperature profile of Varaha Puta was mapped with Muffle furnace before the Marana Procedure. Both the varieties SMB1and SMB2 were analysed using traditional tests for Bhasma and other analytical tests viz. physicochemical tests, XRD, SEM-EDX. Results: SEM study showed considerable reduction in the particle size while EDX showed reduction in the Wt% of sulphur and increase in the Wt% of oxygen in both samples. XRD studies of SMB1 shows partial chemical decomposition of CuFeS2 into Fe2O3 and Cu2O while SMB2 shows the complete chemical decomposition of CuFeS2 into Fe2O3, Cu2S and Cu2O. Conclusion: The results obtained revealed that SMB2 shows complete physico-chemical transformation and can be clinically better than SMB1 Keywords: Swarna Makshika; Chalcopyrite; SEM-EDX, XRD
Publication date: 01/02/2026

https://ijbpas.com/pdf/2026/February/MS_IJBPAS_2026_9816.pdf

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https://doi.org/10.31032/IJBPAS/2026/15.2.9816