Ayurveda is both a science and a philosophy. Philosophy or Darshan is defined as “the study of the
fundamental nature of knowledge, reality, and existence”. It is the practical application of intellectual
ideas. In India the knowledge of philosophy and science, even in the most ancient times, was on such
heights that still it has not been entirely attained by the modern science even today, in spite of its great
advancement and achievements in the field of knowledge. It is really very surprising and painful that
Indian scholars and scientists hardly tried to enter into the vast treasure of ancient Indian knowledge.
Now time has come to look into our vast field of ancient knowledge & applied theories of philosophy.
Let us take Sy?dv?da, the Jain’s theory of Relativity, the nucleus of Jaina philosophy which has not lost
its importance even today. Prof. Albert Einstein's "Theory of Relativity" is a great contribution to the
modern scientific world, which got a universal acceptance in the field of science. Now let us study the
Jain’s theory of Sy?dv?da & it’s similarities with Modern Theory of Relativity. No doubt Einstein’s
theory of Relativity is a great revolution in the field of Mathematics and science.
Sy?dv?da, is the theory of Relativity of Truth in Jainism to explain the nature of reality. It has been later
developed into saptabha?g?naya or sevenfold judgment. The Jainas hold that any object or a thing has
innumerable characters, and for the full knowledge of an object, one should consider all aspects
ambivalently. This is called sy?dv?da.. The word syat means probable, perhaps, may be. So, Syadvada
may mean the theory of probability. It is used to denote multiplicity or multiple character (anekanta). It
does not imply doubt in comprehension of knowledge of objects and substances of truth rather, it talks
about probability (sambhavna) of manifestation and its symbolic usage. It states that any sentence which
is proposed can have numerous aspects, qualities etc making conditional i.e non absolutistic assertions
concerning these or those aspects of a situation. Sy?dv?da is not only an extension of Anek?nta
ontology, but a separate system of logic capable of standing on its own force. Jaina philosophy claims
that since reality is complex, no single proposition can express the nature of reality fully. It shows to
have close relevance to the concepts of probability& some application in the field of mathematics &
statistics as well. In this paper, we focus our concentration upon the concept of "Syadvada” & made an
attempt to understand the logic behind the seven fold of judgement or multiple valued logic through
probability & mathematical point of view & it’s importance in the field of Research.
Keywords: Syadvada, Theory of Relativity, Anekanta, Jaina philosophy, Darshan
Seven fold of judgment (Saptabhanginaya), Probability & mathematics, Non absolutistic
Publication date: 01/10/2025
https://ijbpas.com/pdf/2025/October/MS_IJBPAS_2025_9418.pdf
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https://doi.org/10.31032/IJBPAS/2025/14.10.9418
