ABSTRACT

Background: Stroke is a major public health problem and second leading cause for death. Early diagnosis and proper treatment along with controlling of modifiable risk factors, post stroke complications and rehabilitation can enhance patient’s outcomes. Pharmacotherapy plays an important role in prevention of first-ever stroke as well as secondary cerebrovascular accident. Therefore the present study aims to evaluate the drug treatment pattern in ischemic stroke along with the risk prediction for future vascular dementia in post stroke patients. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Neuro medicine at Pushpagiri Medical College Hospital, Thiruvalla, Kerala for a period of six months. The study was carried out in 82 subjects above 18 years of age diagnosed with ischemic stroke based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Among 82 study subjects, 50 were males (59.52%) and 32 were females (38.10%). Antiplatelet was given in 13.92% of the patients, antihypertensives in 13.12%, dyslipidemics in 12.96%, antidiabetics in 12.64%, gastrointestinal drugs in 11.20%. Among antiplatelets, combination ofclopidogrel and aspirin was given in 79.31% patients. Vascular dementia was more prevalent among old age, low education, previous history of stroke, atrial fibrillation and in physically inactive patients. The non-modifiable factors associated with vascular dementia was old age, low education and previous history of stroke. The modifiable factors found were atrial fibrillation and physical inactivity. In risk prediction there was a moderate risk for developing future vascular dementia in 37.10% patients. Conclusion: Stroke are the third most common disease all over the world with increased morbidity and mortality. CAIDE dementia risk score appears to effectively predict the likelihood of vascular dementia following a stroke. Such a forecast could assist in the creation of more specialized management evaluations and helps to identify risk groups for the primary prevention of vascular dementia. Key words: Ischemic stroke, vascular dementia (VaD), Prevalence, Risk factors, Risk prediction, Cardiovascular Aging and Incidence of Dementia (CAIDE), Awareness rate, Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS)
Publication date: 01/06/2025

https://ijbpas.com/pdf/2025/June/MS_IJBPAS_2025_9099.pdf

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https://doi.org/10.31032/IJBPAS/2025/14.6.9099