Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, and
insulin resistance. Although synthetic oral antidiabetic drugs are widely used, their toxicological
profiles necessitate the exploration of safer, more effective alternatives. This study investigates the
formulation, evaluation, and antidiabetic efficacy of a polyherbal capsule derived from ethanolic
extracts of A. obesum , C. glandulosum, and S. sativa. The polyherbal formulation (PHF) was developed
by combining these extracts in a 1:1:1 ratio, leveraging their phytochemical constituents for synergistic
action. Granules prepared for encapsulation were subjected to preformulation studies, including particle
size analysis, bulk density, Carr’s index, and angle of repose, confirming good flow properties. FTIR
analysis ensured compatibility among ingredients, while dissolution studies demonstrated significant
drug release, with PHF1 exhibiting superior performance (94.13% drug release at 30 minutes). Capsules
were evaluated for weight uniformity, disintegration time, and stability under varying conditions of
light, temperature, and humidity, indicating robustness and compliance with quality standards. In vitro
antidiabetic activity was assessed through ?-amylase and ?-glucosidase inhibition assays, with the
polyherbal formulation showing IC50 values of 58.81 ?g/ml and 64.81 ?g/ml, respectively.
Additionally, the antioxidant potential of the polyherbal extracts, attributed to phenolic and flavonoid
content, may contribute to their therapeutic efficacy by mitigating oxidative stress. Toxicity studies
revealed no adverse effects up to 2000 mg/kg, supporting the formulation's safety. The polyherbal
capsule offers a promising alternative for diabetes management, acting through multiple mechanisms,
including enzyme inhibition, oxidative stress reduction, and improved glucose metabolism. This studyunderscores the potential of herbal combinations in addressing the limitations of single-drug therapies
while enhancing therapeutic outcomes.
Keywords: A. obesum , C. glandulosum, S. sativa, Diabetes mellitus, Hyperglycemia, Polyherbal
capsule
Publication date: 15/03/2025
https://ijbpas.com/pdf/2025/March/MS_IJBPAS_2025_MARCH_SPCL_1018.pdf
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https://doi.org/10.31032/IJBPAS/2025/14.3.1018
