ABSTRACT

Insomnia is a prevalent medical condition and a major public health concern. In early stages the benzodiazepines are used to treat the insomnia. To address the challenges possessed by traditional benzodiazepine medications, commonly used to treat anxiety and insomnia, non- benzodiazepine hypnotic agents known as z-drugs were introduced in the 1980s. Among these agents, zolpidem stands out as an imidazopyridine hypnotic, selectively binding to the ?1 and ?5 subunits of the GABA-A receptor, offering a rapid onset and short-duration hypnotic effect. Comparing with other non-benzodiazepines zolpidem has more potential for the treatment of insomnia. Additionally, this article covers the recently developed area of deuterium incorporation in drug design, showing how it can be used to enhance the therapeutic efficacy and pharmacokinetic characteristics of drugs. This comprehensive review offers a thorough summary of the state of insomnia medication today, pointing out the function of zolpidem and the promising prospects for deuterium-based medication growth in addressing the unmet requirements of patients with neurological disorders and sleep disorders. Keywords: Insomnia, non-benzodiazepine, zolpidem, metabolic pathways, deuterium
Publication date: 01/02/2025

https://ijbpas.com/pdf/2025/February/MS_IJBPAS_2025_8731.pdf

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https://doi.org/10.31032/IJBPAS/2025/14.2.8731