ABSTRACT

Focal cerebral ischemia occurs when a blood clot blocks a cerebral vessel, reducing blood flow to the particular region of the brain and increasing risk of cell death. Echinacoside is a phenylethanoid glycoside which possesses various bioactive properties such as antioxidation, anti-inflammation, anticancer, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective effects. Centella asiatica (L) Urb, commonly known as Indian pennywort, belongs to the family Apiaceae which possesses wound healing, antitumor, memory enhancing, cardioprotective and immunomodulatory properties. The objective of this study is to assess the neuroprotective effect of echinacoside and fractionated asiaticoside enriched extract using a thrombotic ischemic model. The study was conducted using Male Sprague-Dawley rats housed under controlled conditions. After initiating ischemic damage, parameters like body weight, cerebral blood flow, neurological deficit score, grip strength, inflammatory mediators, excitatory and inhibitory amino acid levels were measured to elucidate brain activity. The performance of the echinacoside, asiaticoside and streptokinase treated rats was compared with controls. The results after seven days showed that asiaticoside improved muscle strength (p<0.05). Echinacoside improved skeletal muscle activity (p<0.001) when compared to ischemic rats. Asiaticoside treatment showed a significant increase (p<0.05) in grip strength compared to vehicle treated ischemic rats. Echinacoside showed statistically highly significant (p<0.001) improvement in grip strength compared to vehicle treated ischemic rats. Treatment with echinacoside showed decreased (p<0.001) levels of glutamate and aspartate when compared to vehicle treated ischemic rats. Inhibitory amino acid ?- Aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels increased with echinacoside, streptokinase (p<0.001) and asiaticoside (p<0.05) treatment indicating neuroprotective activity. It can be concluded that echinacoside and asiaticoside enriched extract exhibited neuroprotective activity and this effect was attenuated to its cytokinin and excitatory amino acid regulation in the brain after ischemic reperfusion. Keywords: Echinacoside; Asiaticoside; Cerebral blood flow; Cytokines; Excitatory aminoacids
Publication date: 01/09/2024

https://ijbpas.com/pdf/2024/September/MS_IJBPAS_2024_8299.pdf

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https://doi.org/10.31032/IJBPAS/2024/13.9.8299