Kayam churna (KC) is an Indian Polyherbal formulation, a mixture of herbs. For generations, people
have used the polyherbal remedy Kayam churna to treat conditions including diarrhea and constipation,
improve digestion, treat ulcers, and more. It is said to be effective and safe. The current study aimed to
investigate the presence of heavy metals, phytochemical analysis, and also in-vitro studies on HepG2
cell line to investigate the anti-oxidant and cytotoxic potentials of Kayam churna considering that they
are utilized by a significant proportion of the population in India. The heavy metal analysis was done
by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS), phytochemical analysis by standard methods, and
cytotoxicity assessment by MTT assay with five different concentrations of drug (62.5 ?g/ml, 125
?g/ml, 250 ?g/ml, 500 ?g/ml, and 1000 ?g/ml) and anti-oxidant study by the evaluation of ROS level
by Anti-ROS assay (H2DCFDA Staining method). The AAS study of the test drug revealed the very
low concentration (below the permissible limit) of heavy like cadmium, lead, zinc, and copper. The
Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of carbohydrates, glycosides, saponins, flavonoids, and
steroids. When the HepG2 cell line was exposed to higher concentrations (1000 g/ml) of the test drug,
no noticeable reduction in cell viability was observed. Also, the anti-oxidant study of KC indicates that
the antioxidant defense system in cells is successfully lowering oxidative stress. Therefore, the tested
Ayurvedic formulation (Kayam-churna) was found to be safe, lacking significant liver cytotoxicity,
having a potential anti-oxidant effect, and did not contain heavy metal concentrations over the
permissible limits.
Keywords; Kayam Churna, AAS, MTT assay, H2DCFDA Staining method, Flow cytometry
Publication date: 01/03/2024
https://ijbpas.com/pdf/2024/March/MS_IJBPAS_2024_7901.pdf
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https://doi.org/10.31032/IJBPAS/2024/13.3.7901
