ABSTRACT

Diagnostic and statistical manual of Mental disorders (DSM-5) defines intellectual disabilities as neurodevelopmental disorders that begin in childhood and are characterized by intellectual difficulties as well as difficulties in conceptual, social, and practical areas of living [2]. Intellectual disability is a condition characterised by limitations in Intellectual functioning like reasoning, memory, problem solving and adaptive behaviour. Intellectual disability is a developmental disability and generally refers to the substantial constraints in present functioning reflected in inappropriate or immature reactions to one’s environment and below average performance in academic, psychological, physical, linguistic and social domains. People with Intellectual disability have difficulties in symbolic capacity, limitations of their own body and space limitation. There are four types of Intellectual disability on the basis of Intelligence quotient range. Mild Intellectual disability (IQ 50-69), Moderate Intellectual disability (IQ 36-49), Severe Intellectual disability (IQ 20-35), Profound Intellectual disability (IQ Below 20). Associated conditions of Intellectual disability includes Autism Spectrum disorder, Cerebral palsy, Epilepsy, Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), Impulse control disorder, depression and anxiety disorders. Two- thirds of the children with Intellectual disability with unknown causes. The possible causes of Intellectual disability include Genetic disorders, problems during the prenatal, Natal and post-natal phase. This paper will highlight the fundamentals of Intellectual disability condition, various features, causes and the associated conditions of Intellectual disability. Keywords: Disability, Rehabilitation science, Intellectual Disability
Publication date: 15/12/2023

https://ijbpas.com/pdf/2023/December/MS_IJBPAS_2023_DECEMBER_SPCL_1085.pdf

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https://doi.org/10.31032/IJBPAS/2023/12.12.1085