ABSTRACT

Initially, practiced for the alleviation of pain, cupping therapy (Hijamah) has been used for various chronic conditions such as low back pain, chronic arthralgia, radiculopathy, and respiratory -related disease with variable outcomes. In recent years, scientific research and evidence generation on the effectiveness of cupping in the treatment of various disorders has accelerated. Still cupping therapy needs more empirical evidence accepted as a scientifically established therapeutic procedure for management of various ailments. The objective of this comprehensive review paper is to supplement the claims of Unani physicians in classical literature with clinical studies conducted on the efficacy of ?ijamah with variable modern parameters like biomarkers which objectively measure, evaluate and indicate normal biologic processes, pathogenic processes, or pharmacologic responses. Many studies agree that cupping works best when used in combination to pharmacotherapy and also give effect as anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. It is suggested that rigorous, well- designed, controlled, randomized and long duration follow up clinical trials on large sample size are to be conducted by trained clinicians or researchers to establish the efficacy of ?ijamah in various medical conditions. Keywords: Cupping therapy, Hijamah, Anti-inflammatory, Immunomodulatory, Clinical trials
Publication date: 01/07/2023

https://ijbpas.com/pdf/2023/July/MS_IJBPAS_2023_7207.pdf

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https://doi.org/10.31032/IJBPAS/2023/12.7.7207