ABSTRACT

Among the most prevalent chronic immunological disorder among people is asthma. People of all ages, from young toddlers to the elderly, are affected. It is classified as a syndrome with heterogeneous presentation rather than a single disease and is fairly prevalent. The majority of people are successfully controlling their asthma with the aid of currently available drugs, such as salbutamol, dexamethasone, prednisolone, etc. This review outlines our knowledge of the many endotypes, phenotypes, and biomarkers associated with each form of asthma. These insights will help us in the future to create new therapies. We gained a better grasp of the clinical nature of asthma, its pathophysiology, and its indications and symptoms thanks to the work of several researchers. As a result of several research efforts, asthma has been classified into various phenotypes and endotypes. Non-atopic (intrinsic) asthma, which mostly affects women, and atopic (extrinsic) asthma, which mostly strikes during infancy or early children, are the two most prevalent forms of phenotypes. The most prevalent endotypes are "T2- High endotype" which is present in about 50% of asthmatic patients, and "Non T2-High endotype (T2- Low endotype)" which calls for urgent care. The discovery of pertinent cellular or molecular biomarkers and expanding knowledge of these mechanistically diverse groups are already shown promise as a means of forecasting clinical response to various asthma medications. A customised approach to diagnosis and treatment is becoming more common as the number of targeted medicines for asthma increases, which should benefit patients asthma outcomes and quality of life. Keywords: Chronic immunological illness, Asthma, Endotypes, Phenotypes
Publication date: 01/06/2023

https://ijbpas.com/pdf/2023/June/MS_IJBPAS_2023_7222.pdf

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https://doi.org/10.31032/IJBPAS/2023/12.6.7222