ABSTRACT

Estrogens are physiologically active hormones although present in small amounts but play vital roles in the maintenance of body health. In humans, two types of oestrogen receptors (ERs) have been identified ER-? and ER-?. The secretion and regulation of estrogen is controlled by hypothalamus via stimulation of anterior pituitary to secrete FSH and LH. Estrogen helps in regulation of various pharmacological activities in different body organs like CNS, cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal tract, immune system, lungs, female and male reproductive system and skeletal muscles. Estrogen also regulates various physiological processes like maintenance of cholesterol, coagulation, fluid balance, melanin, and secondary sexual characteristics. Both high and low level of the hormones can affect several physiological parameters. This review focuses on the various physiological as well as pathological roles of estrogen in humans. Keywords: Estrogen, Estrogen receptors, Secretion and regulation, Pharmacological activities, Diseases
Publication date: 01/08/2022

https://ijbpas.com/pdf/2022/August/MS_IJBPAS_2022_6287.pdf

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https://doi.org/10.31032/IJBPAS/2022/11.8.6287