ABSTRACT

To review the available literature on glucocorticoid-induced hyperglycemia and providing a strategical therapy. Glucocorticoids are widely used to treat several disease condition. The major adverse effect of glucocorticoidis hyperglycemia. Its incidence is more in long term treatment with glucocorticoid. Several risk factors like infection, keto-acidosis, cell dysfunction is associated with glucocorticoid induced hyperglycemia. So consideration should be done before the treatment with glucocorticoids. Glucocorticoid-induced hyperglycemia occurs in nondiabetic patients and also with previously known diabetes patients. The hyperglycemia induced by steroids may be symptomatic or asymptomatic. In case asymptomatic it worsen the patient’s condition. So glucose level should be monitored periodically and this condition is caused by steroid effects over beta pancreatic cell, insulin sensitivity and glucose production. The dosing modification and glycemic control both play an important role in managing glucocorticoidinduced hyperglycemia and also if it is recognized early it can be effectively treated with insulin and oral hypoglycemic medications. Oral hypoglycemic agent impact the blood glucose lowering so post prandial blood glucose level is improved. If blood glucose level is not controlled by oral hypoglycemic agents insulin is suggested for further treatment. Insulin is the treatment of choice in a patient with persistent hyperglycemia >200mg/dl, it has an immediate onset of action, and up-titration to an effective dose is relatively easy. Keywords: Glucocorticoids, Hyperglycemia, Insulin, Oral Antidiabetic agents, Diabetes mellitus
Publication date: 01/05/2022

https://ijbpas.com/pdf/2022/May/MS_IJBPAS_2022_6103.pdf

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https://doi.org/10.31032/IJBPAS/2022/11.5.6103