ABSTRACT

Congenital malformations remain a common cause of prenatal as well as neonatal deaths accounting for 10-15% in developing countries like India. There are various causes of congenital anomaly. Approximately, 50% of congenital anomalies cannot be related to a specific cause. Congenital anomalies are important causes of infant and childhood deaths, chronic illness and disability. Congenital anomalies can be structural or developmental. Hence, the present study thus endeavours to find the incidence of congenital anomalies and also assess the frequency of anomalies in various systems. This cross- sectional study was carried out at two multi-speciality hospitals, Rajasthan over a period of more than two years. A complete history of pregnant women and children, laboratory parameters, details of infants and children with congenital anomalies were extracted from their medical records. A total of 500 children including newborns and infants were included based on the inclusion criteria. All the 500 participants were divided equally into two groups namely A and B since data were collected at two different hospitals. The overall incidence of anomalies in Group A was 78% whereas in Group B it was 82%. The higher incidence ofCongenital malformation is seen in the musculoskeletal system in Group A and gastrointestinal system in Group B. Congenital malformations are still a burden to address, and the pattern of congenital anomalies varies from centre to centre. Delivering proper antenatal care, regular folic acid supplementation, anomaly scans, counselling women of reproductive age group would help in reducing the incidence of congenital anomalies. Keywords: Congenital, Anomaly, Incidence, Death, Illness
Publication date: 01/10/2021

https://ijbpas.com/pdf/2021/October/MS_IJBPAS_2021_6066.pdf

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https://doi.org/10.31032/IJBPAS/2021/10.10.6066