ABSTRACT

Insulin resistance occurs when body cells do not respond to insulin properly so that blood glucose will be increased. This increases the potential of developing prediabetes which may eventually lead to type 2 diabetes. Prediabetes occurs in people with high insulin resistance. Around 1 in 3 people in the United States have prediabetes, according to figures from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Insulin usually helps the body maintain a good balance of energy, therefore it is important to never allow the level of blood glucose to spike for too long. Insulin resistance can lead to several health issues like Acanthosis nigricans, Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), increased risk of vascular diseases, such as heart disease etc. The risk factors for insulin resistance, prediabetes, and diabetes include obesity, a sedentary lifestyle or one that is low in exercise, smoking, sleep issues and high blood pressure. Several tests can help diagnose prediabetes and diabetes-like A1C test, Fasting blood glucose test and Random glucose test. Studies report that individuals can reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes by following some preventive lifestyle changes whichprimarily includes losing weight and increasing physical activity. Physical activities must be done regularly and healthful low carbohydrate diets must be followed as preventive measures. The most effective way to reduce insulin resistance is to make sustainable changes by altering our daily habits. The starting point for living well with diabetes is an early diagnosis. Regular screening tests for complications is also required. Easy access to basic diagnostics, such as blood glucose testing, should, therefore, be made available by the government in primary health care settings. Keywords: Diabetes; Insulin resistance; complications; etiology
Publication date: 01/08/2021

https://ijbpas.com/pdf/2021/August/MS_IJBPAS_2021_AUG_SPCL_1025.pdf

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https://doi.org/10.31032/IJBPAS/2021/10.8.1025