ABSTRACT

The ability of microorganisms to form biofilms is closely related to infectious diseases and environmental and biotechnological processes. Biofilms constituting a microbial many cellular lifestyle and are defined as organized communities of bacteria, collaborating among themselves and being attached to an inert or living surface contained in a self-produced polymeric matrix made chiefly of exopolysaccharide. The structural nature of the biofilms and the characteristics of the sessile cells, produce resistance towards the antimicrobial agents, leading to a protected environment against adverse conditions and the host´s defenses. Despite decades of research, very little is known about the molecular mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in biofilms. Although several theories have been proposed, the precise mechanism of how this sensitivity is altered has still not been clarified. Nevertheless, it is possible to separate these mechanisms into intrinsic (or innate) and extrinsic (or induced) resistance factors to biofilms. Nevertheless, because of the different nature of biofilms, it is likely that multiple mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance occur. However, additional mechanisms must also exist to be able to account for increased biofilm antibiotic resistance. Although methods to test biofilm-growing bacteria have already been developed, their clinical relevance about the prediction of clinically successful therapies still awaits confirmation. Keywords: Biofilms; antimicrobial agents
Publication date: 01/09/2021

https://ijbpas.com/pdf/2021/September/MS_IJBPAS_2021_5610.pdf

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https://doi.org/10.31032/IJBPAS/2021/10.9.5610