Cellulases are enzymes that hydrolyze cellulosic biomass and are formed by microorganisms
that grow on these materials. Cellulase is a valuable enzyme that can be made from low-cost
agrowastes and cellulose as substrates by submerged and solid-state fermentation. Cellulase
enzyme formed by cellulolytic bacteria and fungi can degrade cellulose protein. This enzyme
has a wide range of industrial uses and is part of a large community of industrial enzymes.
Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus subtilis, E. coli, and Serratia marcescens were isolated
from soil and classified as cellulase-producing bacteria. It was decided to optimise the
fermentation medium for maximum cellulase output. pH, temperature, carbon sources, and
nitrogen sources were all optimised in the culture. The optimum conditions for cellulase
production were found to be 40 degrees Celsius at pH 10, with glucose as the carbon source
and ammonium sulphate as the nitrogen source, and coconut cake stimulates cellulase
production. Pseudomonas fluorescens produces the most cellulase of the four bacteria,
followed by Bacillus subtilis, E. coli, and Serratia marscens. The aim of this review paper is
to discuss different Microbial sources of cellulase, classification of cellulase and & quot;
cellulase processing & quot; by submerged and solid-state fermentation with various bacteria
and fungi. The application of this same scenario for industrial purposes is identified as an emerging area of research. Biofuel production, textile polishing and finishing, paper and pulp
industry, and lifestyle agriculture are among the key areas where cellulase enzyme shows a
broader potential. The objective of this chapter is to discuss the structure, function, possible
applications, as well as novel biotechnological trends of cellulase enzymes. Furthermore,
possible low-cost, enzymatic pretreatment methods of lignocellulosic material in order to use
it as an efficient raw material for biofuel production will be discussed.
Keywords: Cellulases, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus subtilis, E. coli, and Serratia
marcescens
Publication date: 01/04/21
https://ijbpas.com/pdf/2021/April/MS_IJBPAS_2021_APRIL_SPCL_1007.pdf
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https://doi.org/10.31032/IJBPAS/2021/10.4.1007
