ABSTRACT

To determine the in-hospital mortality rate and its predictors among covid-19 patients at a tertiary care hospital, Gujranwala, Pakistan. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out in the department of medicine and allied, tertiary care hospital, Gujranwala from April 2020 to August 2020. All hospitalized covid-19 patients with positive pcr testing were included in this study. The purposive sampling technique was used. The outcome of hospitalization was categorized into two groups; one who died during hospitalization and second who survived. Spss-25 was used for statistical analysis. Chi-square test was used for qualitative, while independent sample t-test for quantitative variables to determine the significant factors associated with in-hospital mortality among covid-19 patients. Then, binary logistic regression analysiswas also performed on the significant factors associated with in-hospital mortality rate. The p values were taken statistically significant if < 0.05. In-hospital mortality rate among 937 covid-19 patients was 9%. The mean age of death group of patients was significantly higher than group of patients who survived (p<0.01). The in-hospital mortality was significantly higher among male gender (p=0.043), hypertensive patients (p<0.01), diabetic patients (p<0.01), group of patients with personal history of coronary artery disease (p<0.01), patients suffering chronic lung disease (p<0.01), and history of renal dysfunction (p<0.001). The logistic regression model explained 49.1% (nagelkerke r2) of the variance in the mortality group of patients and correctly classified 94.8% of cases. Increasing age was linked with an increased likelihood of displaying the death as the outcome of the hospitalization (p<0.01). Mortality risk was significantly high in male gender in comparison to female (p=0.022). Hypertensive patients were 46.97 times more likely to die with covid-19 than non-hypertensive patients. Similarly, diabetics were 90.98 times more likely to die with covid-19 than non-diabetics. The covid-19 patients managed at tertiary hospital gujranwala had an excellent survival rate. Increasing age, male gender, and history of comorbidities like diabetes and hypertension were the significant predictors of in-hospital mortality among covid-19 patients in regression analysis. The smart lockdown restricting elderly people and persons with comorbidities to go to public places like markets may be a better future policy to reduce the mortality among our population. Keywords:covid-19, SARS-cov2, in-hospital mortality rate, predictors
Publication date: 01/04/21

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https://doi.org/10.31032/IJBPAS/2021/10.4.5465A