INTRODUCTION: Schizophrenia is the sever type of mental disorder that occur due to various
type of factors in the late teens or early adulthood. Mostly it is present in the age of 15-35 years.
Worldwide it affects approximately 24 million peoples that lead to cause disability. Oxidative
biomarkers have the significant role in schizophrenic patients because brain is very sensitive
organ in the body as compare to other. Schizophrenia is a mental disorder which involves
impairment in perception, abnormal mental function, cognition and abolition resulting in triad of
positive, negative and cognitive symptoms results in disturbed behavior. Approximately 1%
peoples were suffering from mental disorder though the involvement of various types of factors
including social, pharmacological, cognitive, environmental and some biological factors.
According to the cardinal symptoms, schizophrenia is categorized into two major types like
positive and negative symptoms, deterioration in social functioning, cognitive dysfunction and occupational functioning. It is a neuro-generative disease either behavioral or structural
abnormalities.
MATERIAL AND METHOD: Patients clinically analyzed with schizophrenia were included in
present study to evaluate the role of oxidative biomarkers in schizophrenic patients. . In present
study, Fifty (50) diagnostic schizophrenic patients were taken as subject in the age limit between
20-50 years and Twenty (20) clinically healthy peoples were included as controls. In present
study various types of inflammatory (MMP-9, IL-6) and oxidative biomarkers (8-OHdG, 4-HNE,
SOD, GSH and CAT) were determined through commercially available ELIZA kits but the
levels of MDA were estimated through spectrophotometery method.
RESULTS: Present study revealed a significant elevation of MDA (3.99±0.013), 8-OHdG
(1.29±0.056), isoprostanes (102.26±6.23) and 4-HNE (6.26±1.22) in subjects as compared to
control group (0.91±0.0019), (0.13±0.06), (29.65±3.88) and (1.29±0.77) respectively, According
to the results of present study levels of inflammatory biomarkers (IL-6 and TNF-?) were
significantly increased like IL-6 (6.35±0.55), TNF-? (25.26±1.11) and MMP-9 (103.29±6.35) in
subjects as compared to control group (3.88±0.76), (10.16±1.33) and (33.26±2.16) respectively
but the levels of antioxidants SOD (1.09±0.33), GSH (6.35±1.55) and CAT (1.23±0.021) were
significantly low in subjects as compared to normal individuals (3.08±0.044), (9.66±2.18),
(2.88±0.021) respectively. Additionally, levels of vitamin D (16.35±3.08) disturbed in subjects
as compare to controls (30.18±8.29).
CONCLUSION: It is concluded that increased oxidative stress in patients with schizophrenia
may depends on the inflammation response. These results indicate that, increased oxidative stress
in schizophrenic patients is main determinant and increased by oxidative biomarkers (MDA, 8-
OHdG, isoprostanes and 4-HNE), nitric oxide and they are not degraded or detoxified by
enzymatic antioxidants SOD and CAT and non-enzymatic GSH, Vitamins D. Increased
oxidative stress (RNS, ROS) are the major mediators of the neuronal damage and inflammation
in the cells of central nerves system. Conclusively, schizophrenia might occur through the upregulation
of oxidative free radicals and down-regulation of antioxidant scavenger activity.
Keywords: Oxidative stress biomarkers, MDA, 8-OHdG, MMP-9, schizophrenia, Antioxidants,
Vitamin D
https://ijbpas.com/pdf/2019/April/MS_IJBPAS_2019_4696.pdf
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https://doi.org/10.31032/IJBPAS/2019/8.4.4696
