ABSTRACT

To date, hundreds of microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified in the human genome, which play key roles in a broad range of physiologic and pathologic processes. miRNAs are endogenous small non-coding RNAs, genes of ~22 nucleotides long. They involve in gene silencing as well as regulation of gene expression. They regulate the expression of genes via targeting various signaling pathways. miRNAs also play an important role in neoplastic transformation by modulating the level of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes and perform crucial functional roles in various basic cellular processes such as differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis. Expression pattern of miRNAs are very specific to normal tissues and tumorous tissues, therefore its deregulation are found to be associated with development of cancers and tumor progression. Additionally, they are described as key regulators in many diseases including, neurological disorders, cardiovascular diseases, viral infections and including various cancers. Further understanding of the expression and function of microRNAs in different cancers is thought to provide in the near future the development of better diagnostic and therapeutical approaches against cancer, mainly by allowing the identification of pre-neoplastic lesions and better follow-up of patients. In this review, we summarized about the impression of microRNAs in cancer. Keywords: Cancer; MicroRNA; Tumor Suppressor; Oncogene

https://ijbpas.com/pdf/2018/January/1514650399MS IJBPAS 2017 4333.pdf

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